Maqolada oilada zo‘ravonlik holatlari yuzaga kelishiga ta'sir etuvchi ijtimoiy, iqtisodiy,madaniy, psixologik va boshqa omillar tadqiqi bayon etiladi. Shuningdek zo'ravonlikning avlodlar aro uzatilishi ya'ni shunday muhitda ulg'aygan shaxsning kelajakda shu ishni takrorlashi qanchalik yuqori yoki past chiqish ehtimoli tahlil qilinadi. Oiladagi zo'ravonlikning oldini olishga qaratilgan chora-tadbirlar ilgari suriladi.

Mazkur ilmiy maqolada O‘zbekistonda kichik va o‘rta biznesni moliyaviy qo‘llab-quvvatlash tizimining amaldagi holati va uning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot jarayonida tijorat banklari, davlat maqsadli jamg‘armalari hamda xalqaro moliya institutlari tomonidan taqdim etilayotgan moliyaviy resurslarning kichik va o‘rta biznes sub’yektlari faoliyatiga ta’siri o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, kreditlash mexanizmlaridagi mavjud muammolar, jumladan, moliyaviy resurslarga kirish imkoniyatining cheklanganligi, foiz stavkalarining nisbatan yuqoriligi va garov ta’minoti bilan bog‘liq muammolar aniqlangan. Tadqiqot natijalariga asoslanib, kichik va o‘rta biznesni moliyaviy qo‘llab-quvvatlash tizimini takomillashtirish, raqamli moliyaviy texnologiyalarni joriy etish hamda davlat tomonidan qo‘llab-quvvatlash mexanizmlarini kengaytirish bo‘yicha amaliy taklif va xulosalar ishlab chiqilgan.

Financial markets are volatile, and effective risk management is important for maintaining financial stability and limiting systemic risk. Although volatility is a natural feature of financial markets, excessive fluctuations can misrepresent investment decisions and strengthen financial instability. This study examines how risk management practices influence volatility in financial markets, with an emphasize to the performance of quantitative risk measurement tools and institutional controls. The research adopts a qualitative, descriptive approach based on a review of academic literature, standard finance textbooks, and institutional publications from the Bank for International Settlements and the International Monetary Fund. The findings indicate that while volatility models and risk measures such as Value at Risk and Expected Shortfall improve risk assessment under normal market conditions, they often underestimate risk during periods of market stress, structural change, and heightened uncertainty. Moreover, the analysis highlights that weaknesses in governance, incentive structures, and stress testing can boost volatility and contribute to systemic risk. Overall, the study underlines the need for a layered risk management framework in which quantitative models are complemented by stress testing, institutional oversight, and prudent judgment to enhance financial market resilience.

This article explores the linguistic features of complex constructions in the English language with a focus on their structural, semantic, and functional characteristics. Complex constructions play a crucial role in expressing logical relations, abstract thinking, and stylistic variation in both spoken and written discourse. The study examines how such constructions contribute to coherence, clarity, and communicative effectiveness in English. Particular attention is given to the interaction between syntax and meaning, as well as to the role of complex constructions in academic and professional communication. The research emphasizes that understanding these linguistic patterns is essential for advanced language competence and effective language teaching.

Maqolada yuqori sinf o‘quvchilarining umumiy jismoniy tayyorgarligini rivojlantirishda yordamchi vositalardan foydalanishning pedagogik samaradorligi tadqiq etilgan. Tadqiqot Boyovut tumani 10-maktab o‘quvchilari ishtirokida amalga oshirildi. Tajriba-sinov mashg‘ulotlarida rezina espanderlar, gantellar, sakrash arqonlari, sport to‘plari va harakatli o‘yinlardan tizimli foydalanish orqali o‘quvchilarning tezkorlik, kuch, chaqqonlik va chidamlilik kabi jismoniy sifatlari rivojlantirildi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, yordamchi vositalar mashg‘ulotlarning samaradorligini oshirib, o‘quvchilarning mashg‘ulotlarga bo‘lgan qiziqishi va faolligini kuchaytiradi. Tadqiqot ma’lumotlari pedagogik amaliyotda yordamchi vositalarni jismoniy tarbiya darslariga tizimli joriy etishning ahamiyatini tasdiqlaydi va sog‘lom turmush tarzini shakllantirishga xizmat qilishi mumkin.