Mehdi Bazargan is one of the famous personalities of the national-religious movement of Iran. Among the leaders of this intellectual and political movement, she is a unique personality who is well-known both in the field of thought and in terms of her long record of political activity. Bazargan is considered an opinionated person in the field of political and religious thought. One of her intellectual and practical concerns during her life has been preserving the national identity of Iranians and ways to defend it. The present article, with an analytical method and referring to the remaining works and writings of Bazargan, seeks to answer this basic question: what components did Bazargan pay attention to in defending the Iranian national identity? The findings of the research indicate that during her intellectual and political life, Bazargan paid attention to four basic components to defend the national identity of Iranians.These four components, in order of importance, are: trying to create a civil and democratic society, compatibility of Islam and Iranian nationality, maintaining the country's independence and defending national interests.

Ushbu maqolada egizaklarni psixologik jihatdan o‘rganishda qo‘llaniladigan psixodiagnostik metodikalar ilmiy-nazariy va amaliy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Egizaklar metodi irsiyat va muhit omillarining shaxs rivojlanishiga ta’sirini aniqlashda muhim vosita hisoblanadi. Maqolada intellekt, shaxs xususiyatlari, temperament va emotsional sohani o‘lchashga qaratilgan testlar, proyektiv metodlar, kuzatish va statistik modellashtirish usullari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, xalqaro ilmiy tadqiqotlar natijalari asosida egizaklar psixodiagnostikasining zamonaviy yo‘nalishlari ko‘rsatib berilgan.

Maqolada o‘zbek tili (davlat tili) darslarida zamonaviy metodlardan foydalanishning nazariy-metodik asoslari, ularning ta’lim jarayonidagi o‘rni va ahamiyati yoritilgan. Kommunikativ, interfaol, integrativ va texnologik metodlarning o‘quvchi nutqiy faoliyatini rivojlantirishdagi roli chuqur tahlil qilingan. Metodlarning tilshunoslik mazmuni, o‘quv dasturlari va kompetensiyaviy yondashuv bilan bog‘liq jihatlari ilmiy asosda izohlangan.

In the context of globalization, digital transformation, and cultural homogenization, the preservation and transmission of cultural-historical traditions through school education becomes a strategic pedagogical priority. The present study aims to develop and empirically validate an integrative methodological model for educating school students based on cultural and historical traditions. The research integrates axiological, competence-based, cultural-historical, and neurodidactic approaches into a unified framework. A quasi-experimental design was implemented involving 240 secondary school students (grades 6–9), divided into control and experimental groups. Diagnostic tools included the Cultural Identity Index (α = 0.87), Value Orientation Scale, Civic Engagement Test, and Reflective Thinking Inventory. Statistical analysis (Student’s t-test, Pearson correlation, Cohen’s d) revealed significant improvements in the experimental group (p < 0.05), with a large effect size (d = 0.82). The scientific novelty of the research lies in proposing an adaptive digital-ethnopedagogical model that systematically integrates national traditions into curricular and extracurricular activities. The findings demonstrate that structured cultural-historical education enhances moral resilience, socio-cultural competence, civic identity, and reflective awareness among school students.

Mazkur maqolada talabalarda burch hissini shakllantirish orqali axloqiy sifatlarni rivojlantirishning pedagogik-psixologik mexanizmlari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda burch hissi shaxsning ichki motivatsion tuzilmasi, ijtimoiy mas’uliyatni anglash darajasi va axloqiy o‘zini nazorat qilish jarayonlari bilan uzviy bog‘liq psixologik kategoriya sifatida yoritiladi. Shuningdek, axloqiy o‘zini anglash, refleksiya, qadriyatlarni ichkilashtirish va irodaviy sifatlarning rivojlanishi burch hissining shakllanishida asosiy determinant omillar sifatida ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqolada ta’lim jarayonida muammoli vaziyatlar, axloqiy dilemmalar, jamoaviy faoliyat, sport mashg‘ulotlari va reflektiv tahlil metodlaridan foydalanish talabalarda ichki mas’uliyatni kuchaytirishi va barqaror axloqiy pozitsiyani shakllantirishga xizmat qilishi ilmiy asoslanadi. Tadqiqot natijalari burch hissi va axloqiy sifatlar o‘rtasida ijobiy korrelyatsion bog‘liqlik mavjudligini ko‘rsatadi hamda pedagogik jarayonda integrativ yondashuvni qo‘llash samaradorligini tasdiqlaydi.