Ushbu maqolada XVI–XIX asrlarda Oʻrta Osiyo xonliklari — Buxoro, Xiva va Qo‘qon hamda Eron (Safaviylar, Afshoriylar va Qajarlar sulolalari) o‘rtasidagi diplomatik munosabatlar tarixiy manbalar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Mazkur aloqalarning shakllanishi, rivojlanishi va muayyan siyosiy voqealar ta’sirida o‘zgarishi o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, diniy, iqtisodiy va harbiy omillarning diplomatik jarayonlarga ta’siri yoritiladi. Maqola orqali mintaqaviy geosiyosiy muvozanatda bu aloqalarning tutgan o‘rni ochib beriladi.
Ushbu maqolada XVIII–XIX asrlarda Xiva xonligi va Rossiya imperiyasi o‘rtasidagi siyosiy, diplomatik va harbiy munosabatlar tarixiy manbalar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Dastlab savdo va elchilik aloqalari shaklida boshlangan munosabatlar, vaqt o‘tishi bilan Rossiya imperiyasining bosqinchilik siyosati ta’sirida keskin tus olgan. 1873-yilgi harbiy yurish va uning oqibatida Xiva xonligining yarim mustamlakaga aylanishi ikki davlat o‘rtasidagi asimmetrik munosabatlarning yakuniy bosqichi sifatida ko‘rsatiladi. Mazkur tarixiy jarayonlar O‘rta Osiyodagi geosiyosiy o‘zgarishlarni anglashda muhim ilmiy ahamiyatga ega.
Данная статья посвящена исследованию применения мелкозернистых бетонов в транспортном строительстве с использованием местных сырьевых материалов. Рассмотрены ключевые характеристики мелкозернистого бетона, включая его прочность и долговечность, а также преимущества, которые дает использование местных материалов. В статье анализируются экономические и экологические выгоды применения местных ресурсов, а также современные методы улучшения качества бетонов, такие как использование добавок и новых технологий. Автор приходит к выводу, что использование местных сырьевых материалов может значительно снизить стоимость строительства, повысить его экологическую устойчивость и способствовать экономическому развитию региона.
This scientific article is devoted to the analysis of the impact of financial technologies (fintech) on banking activities using the example of one of the leading commercial banks of Uzbekistan - JSCB "Uzsanoatqurilishbank". Fintech technologies, which have been developing rapidly in recent years, are creating broad opportunities for banks to automate traditional operations, improve the quality of customer service, reduce costs, and diversify financial products. This article provides a detailed analysis of the implementation of such innovative technologies in JSCB "Uzsanoatqurilishbank" and their effectiveness. The study covers the changes in fintech projects implemented by the bank in 2018–2024, in particular - mobile banking applications, online lending systems, artificial intelligence-based recommendation modules, blockchain technologies, real-time currency conversion, and biometric authentication systems, based on statistical data. The article shows the real impact of digital transformation based on indicators such as the share of digital transactions, the growth of the number of customers, the speed and convenience of services. It also analyzes the problems encountered in the process of fintech implementation, including cybersecurity threats, technical failures, information privacy issues, and solutions developed by the bank to reduce them. Through this example, the author scientifically substantiates the profound impact of fintech technologies on banking activities not only technically, but also economically and socially. This article is of practical and theoretical importance for bank managers, financial specialists, information technology specialists and scientific researchers, and indicates the main directions of the digital transformation process of the banking system of Uzbekistan.