Ushbu maqolada muallif davlat va huquq haqida fikrlar yuritgan. Davlat vujudga kelishi bilan huquq ham vujudga keladimi yoki davlat o’zi vujudga kelishi kifoyami degan savollarga faktlar bilan fikrlar yuritadi. Davlat va huquq nimalarni ifoda etishi haqida fikrlar bayon etgan.

Ushbu maqolada Xorazm viloyati oliy ta'lim muassasalarida professor-o'qituvchilar salohiyatining mustaqillik yillaridagi o'sish dinamikasi, kadrlar tayyorlash sifatini oshirish yo'nalishlari va erishilgan natijalar tahlil qilingan. Statistik ma'lumotlar asosida professor-o'qituvchilar tarkibining miqdoriy va sifat ko'rsatkichlari, ularning gender taqsimoti hamda ilmiy salohiyat darajasining o'zgarishi o'rganilgan.

This paper explores the digital transformation of higher education institutions in Uzbekistan, focusing on the adoption of digital tools, institutional readiness, and the challenges faced by faculty and students. The study employs a mixed-methods research design, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data from surveys, interviews, and document analysis. The findings highlight significant progress in digital adoption, with faculty members using online platforms such as Moodle and Google Classroom. However, gaps in digital literacy, uneven infrastructure distribution, and challenges related to access for students in rural areas remain key issues. This paper provides recommendations for addressing these barriers to ensure equitable and sustainable digital transformation in Uzbekistan’s higher education sector.

The persistent generation and improper management of industrial waste, coupled with resource depletion and environmental degradation, pose significant challenges to achieving sustainability in human life. The burden associated with industrial waste intensifies both ecological and public health risks. Effective industrial waste management requires a thorough understanding of its sources and geographical distribution. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of English-language publications from the past decade indexed in the Dimensions database, using the keyword “industrial waste management.” The analysis focused on publication trends, leading journals, academic impact metrics such as total citations, Field Citation Ratio (FCR), and Relative Citation Ratio (RCR), as well as identifying the most cited articles and their alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Mazkur maqolada zamonaviy oliy ta’lim tizimida joriy etilgan kredit-modul tizimining talabalarning mustaqil ta’limga bo‘lgan munosabatiga, bilim olishga nisbatan faolligi va mas’uliyatini oshirishdagi o‘rni tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, kredit-modul tizimi asosida tashkil etilgan ta’lim jarayoni orqali o‘quvchilarni o‘z-o‘zini rivojlantirishga yo‘naltirishdagi imkoniyatlar yoritiladi.