Ushbu maqolada xalq cholg‘ularining o‘ziga xosligi, ularning madaniy meros sifatidagi ahamiyati va saqlanish muammolari tahlil qilinadi. Cholg‘ularning tarixi, shakllanish jarayoni, shakllari hamda ularning etnografik, estetik va ijodiy jihatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, xalq cholg‘ularini saqlash va rivojlantirishga qaratilgan zamonaviy yondashuvlar hamda davlat va jamiyat darajasidagi saqlash choralari muhokama qilinadi.

Ushbu maqolada Buxoro amirligini mustamlaka qilish bosqichlari koʻrib chiqilib, Rossiya imperiyasining 19-asr davomida Markaziy Osiyodagi ekspansionistik kun tartibi, asosiy siyosiy va ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy omillar bilan bir qatorda, bu harakatning hududiy-siyosiy oqibatlari ham koʻrib chiqiladi. Buxoro amirligining muxtoriyat siyosatini amalga oshira olmasligi, Rossiyaning iqtisodiy va harbiy tazyiqlari, ichki siyosiy nizolar bu istiloga turtki bergan unsurlar sifatida baholanadi. Tadqiqot tarixiy yozuvlar, diplomatik yozishmalar va zamonaviy tarixshunoslikka asoslangan.

This article explores the linguo-cognitive and cultural features of scientific discourse, focusing on how language, thought, and cultural frameworks interact in the construction and communication of scientific knowledge. By applying cognitive linguistic theories, the study analyzes the role of key mental constructs such as concepts, schemas, and mental models in shaping the structure and meaning of scientific texts. It also investigates how scientific language reflects abstraction, categorization, and metaphorical reasoning, providing insight into the cognitive patterns that underlie academic communication. Additionally, the article considers cross-cultural variations in scientific discourse, highlighting the challenges faced by multilingual scholars and the importance of intercultural competence in global science. The study concludes that scientific discourse is not merely a technical tool but a cognitively and culturally embedded mode of thinking and expression.

This article discusses the role and effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) in foreign language learning. It explains how chatbots, automated translation systems, and AI-based interactive learning platforms help students learn languages more easily. The benefits and limitations of AI in education are also analyzed.

Mazkur maqolada yoshlar orasida jinoyatchilikka moyillikning asosiy psixologik omillari chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Jumladan, shaxsning individual psixologik xususiyatlari, oilaviy tarbiya, maktab va ijtimoiy muhit, tengdoshlar bosimi, ommaviy axborot vositalari va internetning salbiy ta’siri keng ko‘lamda yoritiladi. Muallif jinoyatchilik psixologiyasining klassik va zamonaviy nazariyalari asosida jinoyatga moyillikni yuzaga keltiruvchi sabablarni ilmiy asosda ochib beradi. Shuningdek, maqolada yoshlar jinoyatchiligini oldini olish bo‘yicha amaliy tavsiyalar va profilaktika choralari ilgari suriladi.