Mazkur ishda Temuriylar davrida tibbiyot sohasining taraqqiyoti, ilmiy an’analari va mashhur tabiblar faoliyati yoritilgan. Ayniqsa, Abu Ali ibn Sino ilmiy merosining davomchilari, Husayn Boyqaro davridagi ilmiy muhit, shuningdek, Alisher Navoiy va boshqa mutafakkirlarning tibbiyotga bo‘lgan e’tibori tahlil qilingan. Temuriylar davrida dorixonalar, shifoxonalar va ilmiy markazlar faoliyati, o‘sha davrdagi kasalliklarni davolash usullari hamda tibbiy adabiyotlarning yaratilishi haqida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Ushbu ish tarixiy manbalar va ilmiy tadqiqotlar asosida tayyorlangan bo‘lib, o‘rta asrlarda Markaziy Osiyoda tibbiyot fanining rivojlanish bosqichlarini o‘rganishga qaratilgan.

In this article today, the focus is on the student, his personality and unique inner world. Therefore, the main goal of a modern teacher is to choose methods and forms of organizing students whose educational activities are optimally compatible with the goal of personality development. In recent years, the issue of using new information technologies in schools has been increasingly raised.

Antibiotic resistance in pneumonia is an escalating global health concern that undermines the effectiveness of current treatments and increases morbidity and mortality rates. This paper reviews the key mechanisms by which bacteria develop resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including enzymatic drug degradation, target site modification, and efflux pumps. The impact of resistant pathogens on clinical outcomes, treatment strategies, and healthcare systems is discussed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of antibiotic stewardship programs, vaccination, and rapid diagnostic techniques in managing resistant infections. The review also highlights ongoing research into novel therapeutics and the need for coordinated global efforts to mitigate antibiotic resistance. Effective management of antibiotic resistance in pneumonia is critical for improving patient outcomes and safeguarding public health.

Maqolada ijtimoiy shartnoma tushunchasining nazariy asoslari, uning tarixiy shakllanishi va zamonaviy davlat boshqaruvidagi o`rni yoritilgan. O`zbekiston Respublikasida ijtimiy shartnoma tamoyillarini hayotga tadbiq etish yo`llari, mavjud islohatlar, normativ-huquqiy asoslar va fuqorolik jamiyatiga rivojlanishiga ta`siri tahlil qilingan.

Public speaking anxiety, or glossophobia, is one of the most common fears experienced by individuals across all age groups and professions. Despite the universal nature of this fear, the ability to speak confidently in public remains essential for academic, professional, and personal development. This article explores the psychological roots of public speaking anxiety and offers a range of practical techniques to manage and overcome it. Through mental preparation, controlled breathing, progressive exposure, and cognitive restructuring, individuals can reduce fear and build lasting confidence. The article provides a structured approach to conquering anxiety and transforming public speaking into a skill that empowers rather than terrifies.