Menopause is a critical transitional phase in a woman’s life characterized by the cessation of ovarian function and the end of menstruation. It is often accompanied by a range of physical, emotional, and metabolic symptoms that vary in intensity and duration. Recent research indicates that vitamin D plays a significant role not only in bone metabolism but also in the modulation of menopausal symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the features of the menopausal course in women diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency and determine how hypovitaminosis D influences the severity of menopausal manifestations. The study revealed a notable correlation between low serum levels of vitamin D and the severity of vasomotor symptoms, mood disorders, sleep disturbances, and musculoskeletal pain. This research underlines the importance of monitoring and correcting vitamin D levels in peri- and postmenopausal women to reduce symptom burden and improve overall quality of life. The menopausal period represents a pivotal phase in the physiological aging process of women, characterized by profound hormonal, psychological, and metabolic transitions. Beyond the well-documented decline in estrogen levels, micronutrient imbalances—particularly vitamin D deficiency—have emerged as critical modifiers of menopausal health outcomes. This study explores the intricate interplay between hypovitaminosis D and the clinical progression of menopause, focusing on symptom intensity, systemic complications, and quality of life implications. The investigation, conducted on a representative cohort of postmenopausal women, revealed a significant amplification of menopausal discomfort in individuals with deficient serum vitamin D levels. Notably, manifestations such as thermal dysregulation, cognitive disturbances, emotional instability, and skeletal complaints were disproportionately prevalent in this subgroup. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic target in vitamin D optimization to mitigate the climacteric burden and promote healthier aging trajectories among menopausal populations.

Bul maqalada klass jámáátin basqarıwda oqıtıwshı kompetenciyasınıń mazmunı, quramlıq bólimleri hám ámeliy áhmieti kórsetilgen. Atap aytqanda, pedagogikalıq, psixologiyalıq, kommunikativlik hám informaciyalıq-kommunikaciyalıq kompetenciyalardıń klastaǵı sociallıq-psixologiyalıq ortalıqqa kórsetetuģın tásiri analizlengen. Oqıtıwshınıń kásiplik potencialı, onıń liderlik pazıyletleri, klass ishindegi qatnasıqlardı tártipke salıwdaǵı roli zamanagóy ilimiy kózqaraslar tiykarında ashıp berilgen. Sonday-aq, maqalada Ózbekstan Respublikasında ámelge asırılıp atırǵan bilimlendiriw reformaları konteksinde oqıtıwshılardıń kompetenciyalıq dárejesin rawajlandırıw jolları kórip shıǵılǵan. Izertlew nátiyjeleri klass jámáátin basqarıwda kompetentli muģallim jetekshi faktor ekenligin tastıyıqlaydı.

Qon organizmning eng muhim to’qimalaridan biridir. Qon, limfa va to’qimalar aro suyuqligi organizmning ichki muhitini tashkil qiladi. Organizmning barcha to’qima va hujayralari fizik-kimyoviy xossalari va tarkibi nisbatan doimiy bo’ladigan ana shu suyuqliklarning muhitidagina normal yashay oladi. Issiq qonli (gomoyoterm) hayvonlar qoni uzoq davom etgan evolyutsiya mahsulidir. Oddiy bir hujayrali hayvonlarda qon yo’q. Ular hayoti uchun zarur moddalarni hujayra po’sti orqali oladi, chiqindi keraksiz moddalarni ham ana shu yo’l orqali chiqarib tashlaydi. Zoologik silsilaning pastki bosqichlarida turadigan hayvonlarning tomirlari ichida suvsimon suyuqlik-gidrolimfa oqadi. Uning tarkibida oqsillar va boshqa azotli moddalar kam bo’ladi. Bir muncha yuqoriroq taraqqiy etgan hayvonlarda gemolimfa paydo bo’ladi.

This article analyzes the artistic and philosophical interpretation of nature in Norkobil Norkobilov’s novella “The Dog of the Thicket.” The natural imagery—thicket, cold, and darkness—is used to reflect the protagonist’s alienation from society, inner suffering, and existential loneliness. The dog represents a marginalized individual whose silent resistance and emotional depth unfold through symbolic landscape descriptions. Nature in the story acts not as a backdrop but as a psychological and symbolic layer of meaning.

Вульвовагиниты у девочек дошкольного и младшего школьного возраста являются актуальной проблемой детской гинекологии. Учитывая анатомо-физиологические особенности в этом возрасте, риск развития воспалительных процессов в половых органах значительно возрастает. В исследовании проанализированы данные 200 пациенток в возрасте от 3 до 12 лет. Целью работы являлось выявление факторов риска и прогнозирование частоты рецидивов вульвовагинитов. Были применены клинико-анамнестические, лабораторные и статистические методы. Результаты показали высокую распространённость заболевания в младшей возрастной группе и зависимость частоты эпизодов от гигиенических, социальных и иммунологических условий. Предложенные профилактические меры включают санитарное просвещение, регулярный медицинский осмотр и коррекцию микробиоценоза. Исследование подтверждает необходимость системного подхода к профилактике вульвовагинитов у девочек.