Ushbu maqolada tabu search usuli va uning tarixi, uni yuridik faoliyatda qay usulda qoʻllanilishi, afzalliklari va kamchiliklari yoritilgan. Tabu search metodining yuridik sohada qo'llanilishining o'ziga xos afzalliklari mavjud. Bu metodning asosiy afzalligi, kompleks vazifalarni yechishda va ko'plab parametrlar orasida optimal yechimni topishda samarali bo'lishidir. Tabu Search usuli yuridik sohada hali keng tadqiq qilinmagan, ammo uning murakkab va cheklovchi talablarga ega bo‘lgan vaziyatlarda samarali bo‘lgani sababli bu sohada ham qo‘llanish imkoniyatlari mavjud. Bu usulning ba’zi yuridik jarayonlarda ham qoʻllash mumkin.

This article explores the concept of accountability in international organizations, focusing on how control by members and access to information are critical indicators of accountability. It highlights the mechanisms through which member states or shareholders can exert influence over decision-making processes, especially in intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations. The article delves into the roles of governing and executive bodies in these organizations, examining the importance of equitable representation and transparency. It also addresses how access to information influences organizational accountability, emphasizing that without proper disclosure, stakeholders cannot effectively hold organizations accountable. Additional indicators, such as the process of appointing senior officials, decision enforcement, evaluation procedures, consultation with external stakeholders, complaint mechanisms, and social responsibility, are briefly discussed.

Diabetes is a disease that occurs as a result of impaired carbohydrate and water metabolism in the body. It is a consequence of impaired pancreatic function. The pancreas produces the hormone insulin. Insulin is involved in the processing of sugar. Without this hormone, the body cannot maintain the level of glucose in the blood at normal levels and its level increases. As a result, the body excretes excess glucose through the urine.

"Hodisalar o’rtasidagi bog’lanishlarni statistik o’rganish" mavzusi statistika fanining asosiy yo‘nalishlaridan biri bo‘lib, turli jarayonlar va hodisalarning o‘zaro ta’sirini aniqlashga qaratilgan. Ushbu mavzu hodisalar o‘rtasidagi miqdoriy bog‘liqlikni o‘rganish orqali, ular orasidagi sabab-oqibat munosabatlarini tushunish imkonini beradi. Statistika usullari, xususan, korrelyatsiya va regression tahlil, dispersiya tahlili, variatsion tahlil vositasida hodisalarning o‘zaro aloqadorligi va ular o‘rtasidagi munosabatlarning kuchi baholanadi. Mazkur mavzu nazariy bilimlarni amaliyot bilan bog‘lashda alohida ahamiyatga ega bo‘lib, iqtisodiyot, ijtimoiy soha, sog‘liqni saqlash, qishloq xo‘jaligi kabi turli sohalarda samarali qo‘llaniladi. Bu o‘rganishlar orqali qaror qabul qilish jarayonlarini ilmiy asosda tashkil qilish, resurslardan samarali foydalanish va rivojlanish strategiyalarini ishlab chiqish mumkin bo‘ladi. Shu sababli, statistik bog‘lanishlarni o‘rganish fan va amaliyotdagi dolzarb muammolarni hal qilishda muhim ahamiyatga ega.

Fair competition in the marketplace benefits consumers, sellers, and society; however, in some cases, certain traders may resort to unfair methods or violate competition laws and harm each other's commercial interests. In such cases, the issues of civil and criminal liability arise from unfair competition. Unfair competition can be defined as any competition that is conducted contrary to the norms of honorable conduct and trade. It is an aggressive behavior that arises from the misuse of a specific freedom related to commercial activities that is not inherently prohibited and is permissible when used normally. The legislator has defined acceptable methods and fair competition to maintain market order and gain profit, and traders must use these legal methods in their transactions to avoid causing disorder in the market and harm to others. This article examines the enforcement mechanisms arising from unfair commercial competition in the legal system of Afghanistan. The findings indicate that the enforcement mechanisms arising from unfair competition in the legal system of Afghanistan include: compensation for damages, restoration of the previous state, monetary fines and in some cases imprisonment.