Juvenile criminal responsibility constitutes one of the fundamental and challenging issues in criminal law and the juvenile criminal justice system. This research is conducted with the aim of clarifying the scope and limits of children’s criminal responsibility within the legal system of Afghanistan. The principal research question addresses the legal bases and criteria upon which such responsibility is determined, particularly across different age stages.

Статья посвящена проблеме формирования экологической культуры школьников и стимулированию их интереса к занятиям массовым спортом. Рассматриваются педагогические подходы, методы интеграции экологического воспитания и физической культуры, а также роль школы, семьи и общественных организаций в реализации данной задачи.

Dunyo bo‘ylab shaharlar jiddiy muammo — havo ifloslanishi bilan yuzma-yuz kelmoqda. Ushbu maqolada yirik shaharlarda havo ifloslanishining asosiy sabablari, uning ekologik va ijtimoiy oqibatlari hamda muammoni kamaytirish yo‘llari keng qamrovda tahlil qilinadi.

This article examines the issue of improving the training process of attacking actions in judo athletes aged 12–14. The author scientifically substantiates the importance of using tactical complexes in enhancing the technical and tactical preparedness of young athletes. Traditional approaches in judo training are analyzed, and factors that hinder the effective development of attacking actions are identified.

This article comprehensively describes the professional activities of Associate Professor Sarvar Azizov of Kokand State University and his contributions to the field of music. The article also introduces methods and teaching materials that can be used in educational lessons.