Abstract. The results of experiments carried out to find out the appropriateness of presenting the basics of the special theory of relativity and ways of deriving the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations are outlined. It is shown that attention should be paid to the basic principles of the theory. In this regard, four-dimensional world vectors, 4-momentum, 4-potential, etc. in Minkowski space-time are used. For the process of derivation of the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations, it is not recommended to use various simplifications that do not require such important expressions as Dirac matrices or the relation between energy and momentum of a particle. It is suggested that relativistic "Schrödinger-type" equations be used in solving specific problems and in homework assignments. It is shown that the application of the proposed methodology resulted in a noticeable increase in students' academic performance and their interest in the studied educational material.