The integration of artificial intelligence into English language teaching has proceeded at markedly different paces and through divergent institutional models across national contexts. This study presents a comparative analysis of AI application in English language teaching in higher education between Uzbekistan and South Korea, two countries that represent contrasting positions on the spectrum of AI adoption in education. South Korea, which has committed approximately $740 million to AI-driven educational transformation between 2024 and 2026 and became the first nation to introduce AI digital textbooks nationwide, represents a top-down, policy-driven model of comprehensive AI integration. Uzbekistan, where AI adoption in education remains largely bottom-up and instructor-initiated despite growing governmental interest in digital transformation, represents an emerging model with substantial untapped potential. Employing a comparative case study methodology, this research draws on document analysis of national education policies, institutional surveys of 186 instructors in Uzbekistan and 142 instructors in South Korea, and semi-structured interviews with 24 educators across both countries. The analysis examines five comparative dimensions: national policy frameworks, institutional infrastructure, instructor preparedness, pedagogical integration models, and student engagement patterns. Findings reveal that while South Korea leads in systematic policy implementation and technological infrastructure, Uzbekistan demonstrates distinctive strengths in instructor-driven pedagogical innovation and multilingual AI adaptation. The study identifies transferable lessons from each context and proposes a Contextually Adaptive AI Integration Framework applicable to diverse educational systems globally.

Mazkur maqolada tashkilotlarda mehnat salohiyatining rivoji, unga ta’sir etuvchi ichki va tashqi omillar hamda istiqboldagi rivojlanish yo‘nalishlari tahlil qilingan. Xodimlarning bilim, ko‘nikma va malakasini oshirish, ularning kasbiy kompetensiyalarini zamonaviy talablar asosida shakllantirish tashkilot samaradorligini oshirishning muhim omili sifatida yoritilgan.

Mazkur maqolada Liriodendron tulipifera L. ning bioekologik xususiyatlari, uning tashqi muhit omillariga nisbatan reaksiyasi hamda yangi hududlarga introduksiya qilish jarayonida yuzaga keladigan muammolar kompleks tarzda tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqot davomida mazkur turning morfologik belgilarining shakllanishi, o‘sish dinamikasi va ekologik omillarga moslashuv mexanizmlari o‘rganildi. Shuningdek, kontinental iqlim sharoitida, xususan O‘zbekiston hududida, ushbu o‘simlikni yetishtirishda kuzatiladigan asosiy cheklovchi omillar aniqlanib, ularni minimallashtirishga qaratilgan agrotexnik yondashuvlar asoslab berildi. Olingan natijalar lola daraxtini landshaft dizayni va ko‘kalamzorlashtirishda qo‘llash istiqbollari mavjudligini ko‘rsatadi.

This study is devoted to the issues of ensuring information security and cybersecurity in the process of implementing electronic logbooks. The article highlights the importance of electronic logbooks in improving management and control efficiency and systematizes the main threats associated with them. Using a risk-based approach, assets, threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences were analyzed, and the priority risk factors for electronic logbook systems were identified. The results of the study showed that reliable user authentication, strict access control, recording of change history, the establishment of backup and recovery mechanisms, and the improvement of employee awareness are among the key conditions for ensuring the security of electronic logbooks. The article also develops organizational and technical recommendations necessary for practical implementation.

Ushbu maqolada raqamli bank xizmatlari sifatini oshirish va ularni rivojlantirish istiqbollari chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Hozirgi kunda bank tizimida raqamli texnologiyalarning keng joriy etilishi mijozlarga xizmat ko‘rsatish samaradorligini sezilarli darajada oshirmoqda. Tadqiqot doirasida mobil banking, internet banking, onlayn to‘lov tizimlari va masofaviy bank xizmatlarining sifati o‘rganilib, ularning mijozlar qulayligi, tezkorligi hamda xavfsizlik darajasiga ta’siri baholanadi. Shuningdek, raqamli xizmatlardan foydalanish darajasini oshirishga ta’sir etuvchi asosiy omillar aniqlanadi va ularni takomillashtirish yo‘nalishlari asoslab beriladi. Maqolada zamonaviy axborot texnologiyalari, xususan, sun’iy intellekt, big data va blockchain texnologiyalarining bank xizmatlari sifatini oshirishdagi o‘rni ham yoritiladi. Shu bilan birga, O‘zbekiston bank tizimida raqamli transformatsiya jarayonlari, mavjud muammolar va ularni bartaraf etish bo‘yicha amaliy takliflar ishlab chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari raqamli bank xizmatlarini rivojlantirishda samarali strategiyalarni ishlab chiqishga xizmat qiladi hamda bank tizimining raqobatbardoshligini oshirishga yordam beradi.