Ushbu ilmiy maqolada o‘zbek tilining o‘g‘uz lahjasiga oid maishiy leksikaning geneologik tahlili keltiriladi. O‘g‘uz lahjasiga oid turli ishlar va lug‘atlar asosida yig‘ilgan so‘zlar doirasida ularning qaysi tildan kelib chiqib, o‘rganilayotgan lahjada qay darajada ishlatilganligi statistik va tahliliy metodlar asosida yoritilgan. Maqolaning maqsadi – o‘g‘uz lahjasi o‘rganilishini yanada kengaytirish, leksik qatlamning kelib chiqishini tahlil qilish orqali lahjaning o‘ziga xos jihalarini ochib berish. Tadqiqot natijalari o‘g‘uz lahjasi va uning o‘rganilish masalalariga qo‘shimcha ilmiy manba bo‘la oladi.

Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy o‘zbek nasrining yetakchi vakillaridan biri Xurshid Do‘stmuhammad ijodida ayol obrazi talqinining psixologik-estetik xususiyatlari tadqiq etiladi va obyekt sifatida yozuvchining “Beozor qushning qarg‘ishi” (2006) to‘plamidan “Vasiy”, “Mahzuna” va “Beozor qushning qarg‘ishi” hikoyalari tanlangan. Z. Freydning “Id – Ego – Superego” psixoanalitik kategoriyalari va U. Jo‘raqulovning “ismsiz iztirob” konsepsiyasi milliy-madaniy kontekstda uyg‘unlashtirib qo‘llaniladi. Qiyosiy-tipologik, psixoanalitik va struktural tahlil usullari asosida X. Do‘stmuhammad poetikasida ayol qahramonning ichki holati bevosita nutq orqali emas, balki bilvosita belgilar: takroriy harakat, “begona manzil”ga qaratilgan murojaat, ramziy detal va ochiq yakun orqali ifodalanadi. Bu esa o‘zbek hikoyachiligida ayol obrazining an’anaviy funksional qoliplardan holi bo‘lgan yangi bosqichiga yo‘l ochadi.

This article considers the importance of drugs and pharmacology, their history, development and effects. Modern approaches to ensuring the safety of drugs, side effects and the process of clinical trials are also discussed. The article highlights new trends in the field of medicine and highlights the role of drugs in human health.

Hepatitis B is a dangerous infectious liver disease caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), affecting approximately 254 million people worldwide. The disease is transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and mother-to-child transmission. Occurring in both acute and chronic forms, untreated Hepatitis B may lead to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Diagnostic methods mainly include testing for HBsAg, HBV DNA, and liver enzyme levels. Chronic Hepatitis B is controlled using antiviral medications such as Tenofovir and Entecavir. The most reliable preventive measure is the three-dose vaccine, which has an effectiveness rate of 95–98%. In Uzbekistan, the Hepatitis B vaccine is included in the national immunization schedule and is mandatory for newborns.

В статье рассматривается значение и роль информационных технологий в обеспечении общественной безопасности, актуальность использования искусственного интеллекта, внедрения прорывных информационных технологий в систему органов внутренних дел. Показаны некоторые примеры из опыта зарубежных стран и Республики Узбекистан в использовании современных технологий в деятельности обеспечения правопорядка и общественной безопасности.