Abstract. This article investigates the problem of shaping national identity in the spiritual and ethnic development of preschool children within the context of contemporary globalization. The pedagogical and psychological potential of the rich oral heritage of the Karakalpak people—specifically lullabies, folk tales, proverbs, and traditional games—is comprehensively analyzed. As a result of the study, a methodological framework for integrating national folklore into preschool education organizations (PEOs) is proposed, and its impact on children's ethno-cultural consciousness is systematically demonstrated.