Abstract. Juvenile justice operates on a tightrope. It must enforce the law while simultaneously prioritizing the child's welfare, a balance that demands rehabilitation over simple punishment. This article examines how Uzbekistan navigates this tension. By analyzing recent legislative reforms and 2024 crime statistics, we identify a gap between progressive laws and their practical implementation. The findings suggest that while Uzbekistan has the legal framework for a child-friendly system, it lacks the specialized infrastructure to make it work. Realizing the best interests of the child will require moving beyond simple reconciliation settlements toward professional, state-led diversion programs.