Abstract. This study undertakes a critical examination of a corpus of aphorisms whose origins lie in the intellectual traditions of antiquity yet remain deeply embedded in contemporary linguistic and cultural consciousness. Particular attention is devoted to their manifestations in English, Russian, and Latin, with the aim of elucidating their function as translingual vehicles of conceptual, ethical, and philosophical heritage. Aphorisms—concise, rhetorically refined verbal constructs encoding condensed yet expansive meaning—constitute a potent mechanism for the enrichment of linguistic competence and the cultivation of cross-cultural literacy. Focusing on three canonical expressions “Knowledge is power,” “Know thyself,” and “The die is cast”—the research explores their historical provenance, semantic evolution, and epistemological significance within broader socio-cultural and intellectual frameworks. The analysis demonstrates that these formulations operate not merely as linguistic artifacts but as enduring repositories of civilizational wisdom, reflecting universal patterns of human thought and experience. The findings underscore the persistent relevance of aphorisms as tools for conceptualization, moral orientation, and intercultural communication across temporal and linguistic boundaries.