THE BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY
26.11.2025 "Modern Science and Research" xalqaro ilmiy jurnali 1 seriyasi. Volume 4 Issue 11
Abstract. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) represents one of the most severe and progressive microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, ultimately leading to chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure if left untreated. Despite decades of research, the biological mechanisms underlying its initiation and progression remain complex and multifactorial.
Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy; diabetes mellitus; chronic kidney disease; hyperglycemia; oxidative stress; advanced glycation end products (AGEs); protein kinase C (PKC) pathway; mitochondrial dysfunction; inflammation; NF-κB signaling; renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS); podocyte injury; glomerulosclerosis; metabolic memory; epigenetic regulation.
