Abstract. This article provides a thorough theoretical and practical analysis of the role of self-governing bodies—particularly mahallas, citizens' assemblies, and public organizations—in the formation and development of civil society. Within the context of ongoing democratic reforms in Uzbekistan, increasing civic engagement, enhancing the significance of the mahalla institution, and establishing an effective mechanism of mediation between the state and society are considered among the key objectives. The article examines the functions of self-governing bodies, their legal foundations, and their interactions with civil society institutions. It also analyzes their contributions to enhancing the social, economic, and cultural activity of the population. Furthermore, based on comparative analysis with advanced international practices, the article identifies both the strengths and weaknesses of the current system in Uzbekistan. In conclusion, the article presents concrete recommendations and proposals aimed at unlocking the full potential of self-governing bodies in strengthening civil society. This scientific work may serve as a valuable resource for researchers in the field of social sciences, professionals in public administration, and the broader audience interested in the development of civil society.