Abstract. This article analyzes the economic and social development of Tashkent city during the period from 1945 to 1991. It covers the post-war recovery processes, the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, and the positive and negative aspects of the policies aimed at improving the living standards of the population. The article also extensively discusses the 1966 earthquake and the efforts to eliminate its consequences, the construction of the Tashkent Metro, as well as the development of transport and infrastructure. In addition to the achievements in education, healthcare, and cultural life, the article analyzes the existing problems. This period is characterized by the importance of Tashkent's development not only as a local but also as a key strategic center in Central Asia.