Abstract. This article discusses the ideas of enlightenment put forward in the work of Abdurauf Fitrat, one of the great enlighteners and famous representatives of the Jadid movement, “Munozara” (a debate between a Farangi and a Bukhara teacher about Jadid schools in India), the difference between the “usuli Qadim” and “usuli Jadid” schools, the advantages of the new Jadid school, the political and economic landscape of the Bukhara emirate, the social lifestyle of the population, and the educational and upbringing situation. After all, the essence of the work of these great writers served to elevate society and the nation. Along with such selfless writers as Abdulla Avloni, Mahbudkhoj Behbudiy, Abdulla Qodiriy, Abdulhamid Cholpon, and Osman Nasir, perhaps in their forefront, Abdurauf Fitrat also became the eye of the mind and heart of his people