Abstract. The history of the science of psychology, based on the combination of philosophy and medicine, goes back to ancient times. In the classical period, thinkers such as Hippocrates and Democritus introduced the first concepts that linked consciousness to the activity of the brain. In the Middle Ages, psychological progress slowed due to supernatural beliefs, but scholars such as Ibn Sina continued to develop the field. The Renaissance saw figures such as Leonardo da Vinci contribute to the understanding of human knowledge. By the XIX th century, psychology became an independent experimental science, using systematic study methods. Today, psychology has become a multidisciplinary field that studies different aspects of human behavior and mental processes in different contexts.