Abstract. In this article, the emergence of the Bronze Age and the emergence of knowledge in various fields of economy from this period, the size of settlements expanded, and the population increased (5-10 thousand people). This historical process was the first large-scale division of labor in the development of society and became the basis for the emergence and development of the first cities. By the Bronze Age, the first agricultural economy, the natural sugroma farming culture, settled in the southern regions of Central Asia. Information about the source of socio-economic and ethno-cultural development of the Bronze Age society is highlighted.