Abstract. When teaching English as a second language, assessment is essential for tracking students' development and success. Teachers employ both formative and summative assessments, conforming to norms such as validity, fairness, and fairness. Clearly stating learning objectives, employing a variety of techniques, establishing explicit standards, and promoting self-evaluation are examples of best practices. Ensuring justice, taking linguistic variety into account, and meeting specific needs are challenges. Opportunities are presented by competency-based education and technology, and new innovations offer insightful data on students' language proficiency. High-quality assessment techniques can improve English language instruction.