Ushbu ilmiy maqola o’quvchi yoshlarni bo’sh vaqtini mazmunli o’tkazish va ularnining amaliy mashg’ulotlarga kompleks qamrab olish, ularni kasb- hunarga o’rgatish maqsadida innovatsion texnologiyalar va yangi zamonaviy xom-ashyolardandan foydalanish, texnologiya darslarida olgan bilim , ko’nikmalarini yanada rivojlantirish va ijodiy tafakkur, amaliy malakasini oshirish hamda qiziquvchanligini rivojlantirishga qaratilgan. Bundan tashqari zamonaviy texnologiyalardan foydalangan holda modellashtirish va yasalayotgan buyum texnologik xaritasini to’g’ri tuzishni, yakka va jamoaviy ishlash muloqotini shakllantirishni o’rgatishga qaratilgan.

This thesis comprehensively analyzes the current issues related to teaching the Uzbek language in technical fields. It highlights the specific features of teaching Uzbek in technical higher education institutions, in particular the necessity of forming skills in terminology, official-administrative documentation, scientific speech, and presentation. The study identifies existing problems, including terminological inconsistencies, lack of educational and methodological support, student motivation, and difficulties related to teachers’ qualifications. In order to solve these problems, innovative approaches are proposed, such as integrated education, the creation of field-oriented terminological dictionaries and electronic resources, interactive methods such as project work and case studies, as well as the introduction of digital technologies including artificial intelligence and online platforms. The thesis puts forward prospects and recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of teaching the Uzbek language in technical fields in the future.

Ushbu maqolada adabiyotshunoslikning muhim kategoriyalaridan biri sanalmish motiv konsepsiyasi hamda uning nazariy asoslari tadqiq etiladi. Tadqiqotda motiv tushunchasining xususiyatlari hisoblangan invariant (o‘zgarmas birlik) va variant (badiiy o‘zgarish) A.Veselovskiyning genetik-tarixiy va B.Tomashevskiyning struktur-funksional nazariyalari asosida izchil o‘rganiladi. Bundan tashqari, zamonaviy adabiyotshunoslik metodlari yordamida, motivning ahamiyati, uning badiiy matn qurilishidagi o‘rni yoritib beriladi.

Исследована одна из важнейших фотоэлектрические характеристик гетероструктурных CdS/CdTe и CdО/CdTe фотоприемников на основе поликристаллических слоев CdТе, такая как внешний квантовый выход. Установлено, что величина внешнего квантового выхода в коротковолновой части спектра электромагнитного излучения зависит от ширины запрященой зоны слоя фронтального буферного слоя гетероперехода. При использовании широкозонного буферного слоя CdO (Eg = 2.70±0.05 эВ), вместо CdS (Eg = 2.45±0.05 эВ), величина внешнего квантового выхода достигает своего максимума уже на длины волны 0,63 мкм и остается неизменной вплоть до длины 800 нм, в то время как в гетероструктуре CdS/CdTe максимум достигается на длине волне 760 нм и остается неизменной до 820 нм. Наблюдаемые эффекты связаны с увеличением фотогенерации неравновесных носителей заряда в фотоактивной части слоя CdTe за счет уменьшения поглощения в буферном фронтальном слое.

This article studies the effectiveness of new technologies in endoscopic surgery based on statistical data and case analysis. Modern minimally invasive methods are compared with traditional surgery and their advantages are analyzed, including postoperative recovery time, reduced number of complications, and overall treatment effectiveness. During the study, the results of operations planned using innovative technologies used in recent years - robotic surgery, high-resolution visualization, and artificial intelligence - are statistically analyzed. The results of the work serve to reveal the current directions and prospects for the development of endoscopic surgery.