Abstract. Pneumonia is a significant health concern in pediatric populations, and while its respiratory effects are well-studied, its systemic impacts, particularly on the gastrointestinal system, are less explored. This paper aims to investigate the morphofunctional changes in the large intestine of children diagnosed with pneumonia, focusing on alterations in intestinal structure and function that may arise as a consequence of the disease. Pneumonia, often accompanied by systemic inflammation and antibiotic treatment, can lead to disturbances in gut microbiota, altered intestinal motility, and changes in mucosal integrity. These factors are essential to understanding the broader effects of pneumonia beyond the lungs. Through reviewing recent studies and clinical observations, this paper discusses the possible mechanisms behind gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and changes in the gut microbiome, commonly observed in children with pneumonia. Furthermore, it examines how systemic inflammation during infection could exacerbate intestinal disturbances and impact the overall health and recovery of pediatric patients.