O’zbekiston Respublikasi Ma’muriy sudi bu ma’muriy munosabat subyektlari o’rtasida kelib chiqqan nizolarni hal qiluvchi sud tizmi hisoblanadi. Dastlab 2016-yil 21-oktabrda O’zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Shavkat Mirziyoyev tomonidan imzolangan PF-4820 “Sud-huquq tizimini yanada isloh qilish, fuqarolarning huquq va erkinliklarini ishonchli himoya qilish kafolatlarini kuchaytirish chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risida” farmonida ma’muriy sudlarni tashkil etish to’g’risida ham takidlab o’tgan va 2017-yil 2-choragida O’zbekiston Respublikasida ma’muriy sudlar o’z faoliyatini boshladi.

Ushbu maqolada jadidlar harakati va uning Turkistonda milliy uyg‘onish jarayonidagi o‘rni ilmiy-ommabop tarzda tahlil qilinadi. Jadidlar tomonidan ilgari surilgan ma’rifatparvarlik, ta’lim islohoti va milliy ongni shakllantirish g‘oyalari jamiyat taraqqiyotiga ta’siri yoritiladi. Shuningdek, jadidchilik harakatining tarixiy ahamiyati va bugungi kundagi dolzarbligi ko‘rib chiqiladi.

This paper examines leadership as a decisive factor influencing the efficiency of educational process management. In modern educational institutions, traditional administrative approaches no longer suffice. The growing complexity of curricula, diverse student needs, rapid technological changes, and high societal expectations demand a new quality of leadership. Effective educational leaders do not merely allocate resources or enforce rules; they inspire teachers, engage students, create collaborative cultures, and drive continuous improvement. The study analyses key leadership styles transformational, transactional, distributed, and instructional and evaluates their impact on learning outcomes, teacher motivation, and institutional performance. Drawing on case studies from higher education and school contexts, the paper demonstrates that leadership accounts for a significant portion of variance in student achievement and organisational effectiveness.

Ushbu maqolada Muso Toshmuhammad o‘g‘li Oybek ijodi iqtisodiy tafakkur bilan bog‘liq holda tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, Qutlug‘qon romani misolida ijtimoiy tabaqalanish, iqtisodiy tengsizlik va mehnat masalalarining badiiy ifodasi yoritiladi. Tadqiqot natijasida Oybekning iqtisodiy bilimlari uning realizm ruhidagi ijodiga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatgani asoslab beriladi.

Ushbu maqolada Shukur Xolmirzayev ijodining o‘zbek adabiyotidagi o‘rni va ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Yozuvchi asarlarida realistik tasvir, inson ruhiyati va jamiyat hayoti chuqur badiiy ifoda topgan. Shuningdek, uning ijodi o‘zbek nasrining rivojlanishiga qo‘shgan hissasi ilmiy-ommabop tarzda yoritiladi.