Abstract. This article provides a comprehensive theoretical and methodological analysis of the formation of ecological culture through physics education in academic lyceums. The study substantiates that physics, as a fundamental natural science discipline, possesses significant didactic potential for cultivating ecological awareness, environmental responsibility, and a worldview grounded in the principles of sustainable development. The research integrates conceptual foundations of environmental education with core physics domains, including energy transformation, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, radiation physics, atmospheric processes, and modern technological systems. The article argues that ecological culture formation should not be limited to informational transmission but must be realized through the development of scientific reasoning, systemic thinking, and activity-based learning approaches. A three-stage didactic model—cognitive, analytical, and practical—is proposed to structure ecological competence development within physics instruction. The findings demonstrate that contextualizing physics concepts within environmental challenges significantly enhances students’ critical thinking, ethical responsibility, and long-term sustainability-oriented decision-making capacities.